Revelation 4:8

4:8 Each one of the four living creatures had six wings ¹  and was full of eyes all around and inside. ²  They never rest day or night, saying: ³ 

“Holy Holy Holy is the Lord God, the All-Powerful, ⁴ 

Who was and who is, and who is still to come!”

Revelation 6:6

6:6 Then ⁵  I heard something like a voice from among the four living creatures saying, “A quart ⁶  of wheat will cost a day’s pay ⁷  and three quarts of barley will cost a day’s pay. But ⁸  do not damage the olive oil and the wine!”

Revelation 12:10

12:10 Then ⁹  I heard a loud voice in heaven saying,

“The salvation and the power

and the kingdom of our God,

and the ruling authority ¹⁰  of his Christ, ¹¹  have now come,

because the accuser of our brothers and sisters, ¹² 

the one who accuses them day and night ¹³  before our God,

has been thrown down.

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¹ tn Grk “six wings apiece,” but this is redundant with “each one” in English.

² tn Some translations render ἔσωθεν (eswqen) as “under [its] wings,” but the description could also mean “filled all around on the outside and on the inside with eyes.” Since the referent is not available to the interpreter, the exact force is difficult to determine.

³ tn Or “They never stop saying day and night.”

⁴ tn On this word BDAG 755 s.v. παντοκράτωρ states, “the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God…(ὁ) κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ π. …Rv 1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 21:22.”

sn A quotation from (or an allusion to) Isa 6:3.

⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

⁶ tn BDAG 1086 s.v. χοῖνιξ states, “a dry measure, oft. used for grain, approximately equivalent to one quart or one liter, quart. A χ.of grain was a daily ration for one pers.…Rv 6:6ab.”

⁷ tn Grk “a quart of wheat for a denarius.” A denarius was one day’s pay for an average worker. The words “will cost” are used to indicate the genitive of price or value; otherwise the English reader could understand the phrase to mean “a quart of wheat to be given as a day’s pay.”

⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.

⁹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

¹⁰ tn Or “the right of his Messiah to rule.” See L&N 37.35.

¹¹ tn Or “Messiah”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”

¹² tn Grk “brothers,” but the Greek word may be used for “brothers and sisters” or “fellow Christians” (cf. BDAG 18 s.v. ἀδελφός 1, where considerable nonbiblical evidence for the plural ἀδελφοί [adelfoi] meaning “brothers and sisters” is cited). The translation “fellow believer” would normally apply (L&N 11.23), but since the speaker(s) are not specified in this context, it is not clear if such a translation would be appropriate here. The more generic “brothers and sisters” was chosen to emphasize the fact of a relationship without specifying its type.

¹³ tn Or “who accuses them continually.”