Revelation 3:18

3:18 take my advice ¹  and buy gold from me refined by fire so you can become rich! Buy from me ²  white clothing so you can be clothed and your shameful nakedness ³  will not be exposed, and buy eye salve ⁴  to put on your eyes so you can see!

Revelation 7:14

7:14 So ⁵  I said to him, “My lord, you know the answer.” ⁶  Then ⁷  he said to me, “These are the ones who have come out of the great tribulation. They ⁸  have washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb!

Revelation 9:17

9:17 Now ⁹  this is what the horses and their riders ¹⁰  looked like in my ¹¹  vision: The riders had breastplates that were fiery red, ¹²  dark blue, ¹³  and sulfurous ¹⁴  yellow in color. ¹⁵  The ¹⁶  heads of the horses looked like lions’ heads, and fire, smoke, and sulfur ¹⁷  came out of their mouths.

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¹ tn Grk “I counsel you to buy.”

² tn Grk “rich, and.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation, repeating the words “Buy from me” to make the connection clear for the English reader.

³ tn Grk “the shame of the nakedness of you,” which has been translated as an attributed genitive like καινότητι ζωῆς (kainothti zwh") in Rom 6:4 (ExSyn 89-90).

⁴ sn The city of Laodicea had a famous medical school and exported a powder (called a “Phrygian powder”) that was widely used as an eye salve. It was applied to the eyes in the form of a paste the consistency of dough (the Greek term for the salve here, κολλούριον, kollourion [Latin collyrium], is a diminutive form of the word for a long roll of bread).

⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the previous question.

⁶ tn Though the expression “the answer” is not in the Greek text, it is clearly implied. Direct objects in Greek were frequently omitted when clear from the context.

⁷ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

⁸ tn Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

⁹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the introduction of the description of the horses and riders, which is somewhat parenthetical in the narrative.

¹⁰ tn Grk “and those seated on them.”

¹¹ tn Grk “the vision”; the Greek article has been translated as a possessive pronoun (ExSyn 215).

¹² tn L&N 79.31 states, “‘fiery red’ (probably with a tinge of yellow or orange).”

¹³ tn On this term BDAG 1022 s.v. ὑακίνθινος states, “hyacinth-colored, i.e. dark blue (dark red?) w. πύρινος Rv 9:17.”

¹⁴ tn On this term BDAG 446 s.v. θειώδης states, “sulphurous Rv 9:17.”

¹⁵ sn The colors of the riders’ breastplates parallel the three plagues of fire, smoke, and sulfur in v. 18.

¹⁶ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

¹⁷ tn Traditionally, “brimstone.”