105:23 Israel moved to 1 Egypt;
Jacob lived for a time 2 in the land of Ham.
105:27 They executed his miraculous signs among them, 3
and his amazing deeds in the land of Ham.
105:28 He made it dark; 4
they did not disobey his orders. 5
105:29 He turned their water into blood,
and killed their fish.
105:30 Their land was overrun by frogs,
which even got into the rooms of their kings.
105:31 He ordered flies to come; 6
gnats invaded their whole territory.
105:32 He sent hail along with the rain; 7
there was lightning in their land. 8
105:33 He destroyed their vines and fig trees,
and broke the trees throughout their territory.
105:34 He ordered locusts to come, 9
innumerable grasshoppers.
105:35 They ate all the vegetation in their land,
and devoured the crops of their fields. 10
105:36 He struck down all the firstborn in their land,
the firstfruits of their reproductive power. 11
1 tn Heb “entered.”
2 tn Heb “lived as a resident alien.”
3 tn Apparently the pronoun refers to “his servants” (i.e., the Israelites, see v. 25).
4 tn Heb “he sent darkness and made it dark.”
sn He made it dark. The psalmist begins with the ninth plague (see Exod 10:21-29).
5 tn Heb “they did not rebel against his words.” Apparently this refers to Moses and Aaron, who obediently carried out God’s orders.
6 tn Heb “he spoke and flies came.”
7 tn Heb “he gave their rains hail.”
8 tn Heb “fire of flames [was] in their land.”
9 tn Heb “he spoke and locusts came.”
10 tn Heb “the fruit of their ground.”
11 tn Heb “the beginning of all their strength,” that is, reproductive power (see Ps 78:51).
sn Verses 28-36 recall the plagues in a different order than the one presented in Exodus: v. 28 (plague 9), v. 29 (plague 1), v. 30 (plague 2), v. 31a (plague 4), v. 31b (plague 3), vv. 32-33 (plague 7), vv. 34-35 (plague 8), v. 36 (plague 10). No reference is made in Ps 105 to plagues 5 and 6.