8:15 “After this, the Levites will go in 1 to do the work 2 of the tent of meeting. So you must cleanse them 3 and offer them like a wave offering. 4
13:17 When Moses sent 7 them to investigate the land of Canaan, he told them, “Go up through the Negev, 8 and then go up into the hill country
21:30 We have overpowered them; 10
Heshbon has perished as far as Dibon.
We have shattered them as far as Nophah,
which 11 reaches to Medeba.”
1 tn The imperfect tense could also be given the nuance of the imperfect of permission: “the Levites may go in.”
2 tn Heb “to serve.”
3 tn The two verbs in the rest of this verse are perfect tenses with vav (ו) consecutive constructions, making them equal to the imperfect. Some commentators try to get around the difficulty of repetition by making these future perfects, “and you will have cleansed,” as opposed to a summary statement, “for thus you will cleanse….”
4 tc The Greek text adds “before the
5 tn Heb “mouth.”
6 tn Heb “heads.”
7 tn The preterite with vav (ו) consecutive is here subordinated to the next verb of the same formation to express a temporal clause.
8 tn The instructions had them first go up into the southern desert of the land, and after passing through that, into the hill country of the Canaanites. The text could be rendered “into the Negev” as well as “through the Negev.”
9 tc The Greek version has “death.”
10 tc The first verb is difficult. MT has “we shot at them.” The Greek has “their posterity perished” (see GKC 218 §76.f).
11 tc The relative pronoun “which” (אֲשֶׁר, ’asher) posed a problem for the ancient scribes here, as indicated by the so-called extraordinary point (punta extraordinaria) over the letter ר (resh) of אֲשֶׁר. Smr and the LXX have “fire” (אֵשׁ, ’esh) here (cf. NAB, NJB, RSV, NRSV). Some modern scholars emend the word to שֹׁאָה (sho’ah, “devastation”).