23:22 God brought them 1 out of Egypt.
They have, as it were, the strength of a wild bull. 2
23:23 For there is no spell against 3 Jacob,
nor is there any divination against Israel.
At this time 4 it must be said 5 of Jacob
and of Israel, ‘Look at 6 what God has done!’
23:24 Indeed, the people will rise up like a lioness,
and like a lion raises himself up;
they will not lie down until they eat their 7 prey,
and drink the blood of the slain.” 8
1 tn The form is the Hiphil participle from יָצַא (yatsa’) with the object suffix. He is the one who brought them out.
2 sn The expression is “the horns of the wild ox” (KJV “unicorn”). The point of the image is strength or power. Horns are also used in the Bible to represent kingship (see Pss 89 and 132).
3 tn Or “in Jacob.” But given the context the meaning “against” is preferable. The words describe two techniques of consulting God; the first has to do with observing omens in general (“enchantments”), and the second with casting lots or arrows of the like (“divinations” [Ezek 21:26]). See N. H. Snaith, Leviticus and Numbers (NCB), 295-96.
4 tn The form is the preposition “like, as” and the word for “time” – according to the time, about this time, now.
5 tn The Niphal imperfect here carries the nuance of obligation – one has to say in amazement that God has done something marvelous or “it must be said.”
6 tn The words “look at” are not in the Hebrew text but have been added in the translation for clarity.
7 tn The pronoun “their” has been supplied for clarity; it is not present in the Hebrew text.
8 sn The oracle compares Israel first to a lion, or better, lioness, because she does the tracking and hunting of food while the lion moves up and down roaring and distracting the prey. But the lion is also the traditional emblem of Judah, Dan and Gad, as well as the symbol of royalty. So this also supports the motif of royalty as well as power for Israel.