Luke 24:34-40

24:34 and ¹  saying, “The Lord has really risen, and has appeared to Simon!” ²  24:35 Then they told what had happened on the road, ³  and how they recognized him ⁴  when he broke the bread.

Jesus Makes a Final Appearance

24:36 While they were saying these things, Jesus ⁵  himself stood among them and said to them, “Peace be with you.” ⁶  24:37 But they were startled and terrified, thinking ⁷  they saw a ghost. ⁸  24:38 Then ⁹  he said to them, “Why are you frightened, ¹⁰  and why do doubts ¹¹  arise in your hearts? 24:39 Look at my hands and my feet; it’s me! ¹²  Touch me and see; a ghost ¹³  does not have flesh and bones like you see I have.” 24:40 When he had said this, he showed them his hands and his feet. ¹⁴ 

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¹ tn Here the word “and” has been supplied to make it clear that the disciples who had been to Emmaus found the eleven plus the others gathered and saying this.

² sn The Lord…has appeared to Simon. Jesus had made another appearance besides the one on the road. The excitement was rising. Simon refers to Simon Peter.

³ sn Now with the recounting of what had happened on the road two sets of witnesses corroborate the women’s report.

⁴ tn Grk “how he was made known to them”; or “how he was recognized by them.” Here the passive construction has been converted to an active one in the translation in keeping with contemporary English style.

⁵ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

⁶ tc The words “and said to them, ‘Peace be with you’” are lacking in some Western mss (D it). But the clause is otherwise well attested, being found in Ì⁷⁵ and the rest of the ms tradition, and should be considered an original part of Luke.

⁷ sn The disciples were still not comfortable at this point thinking that this could be Jesus raised from the dead. Instead they thought they saw a spirit.

⁸ tc This is not a reference to “a phantom” as read by the Western ms D. For πνεῦμα (pneuma) having the force of “ghost,” or “an independent noncorporeal being, in contrast to a being that can be perceived by the physical senses,” see BDAG 833-34 s.v. πνεῦμα 4.

⁹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

¹⁰ tn Or “disturbed,” “troubled.”

¹¹ tn The expression here is an idiom; see BDAG 58 s.v. ἀναβαίνω 2. Here καρδία (kardia) is a collective singular; the expression has been translated as plural in English.

sn Jesus calls the disciples to faith with a gentle rebuke about doubts and a gracious invitation to see for themselves the evidence of his resurrection.

¹² tn Grk “that it is I myself.”

¹³ tn See tc note on “ghost” in v. 37.

¹⁴ tc Some Western mss (D it) lack 24:40. However, it is present in all other mss, including Ì⁷⁵, and should thus be regarded as an original part of Luke’s Gospel.