Luke 1:53

1:53 he has filled the hungry with good things, 1  and has sent the rich away empty. 2 

Luke 3:18

3:18 And in this way, 3  with many other exhortations, John 4  proclaimed good news to the people.

Luke 9:6

9:6 Then 5  they departed and went throughout 6  the villages, proclaiming the good news 7  and healing people everywhere.

Luke 14:34

14:34 “Salt 8  is good, but if salt loses its flavor, 9  how can its flavor be restored?

Luke 18:18

The Wealthy Ruler

18:18 Now 10  a certain ruler 11  asked him, “Good teacher, what must I do to inherit eternal life?” 12 

1 sn Good things refers not merely to material blessings, but blessings that come from knowing God.

2 sn Another fundamental contrast of Luke’s is between the hungry and the rich (Luke 6:20-26).

3 tn On construction μὲν οὖν καί (men oun kai), see BDF §451.1.

4 tn Grk “he”; the referent (John) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

5 tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

6 tn This is a distributive use of κατά (kata); see L&N 83:12 where this verse is cited as an example of the usage.

7 tn Or “preaching the gospel.”

sn This verse is similar to Luke 9:2, except for good news at this point. The change means that to “preach the kingdom” is to “preach the good news.” The ideas are interchangeable as summaries for the disciples’ message. They are combined in Luke 8:1.

8 tn Grk “Now salt…”; here οὖν has not been translated.

sn Salt was used as seasoning or fertilizer (BDAG 41 s.v. ἅλας a), or as a preservative. If salt ceased to be useful, it was thrown away. With this illustration Jesus warned about a disciple who ceased to follow him.

9 sn The difficulty of this saying is understanding how salt could lose its flavor since its chemical properties cannot change. It is thus often assumed that Jesus was referring to chemically impure salt, perhaps a natural salt which, when exposed to the elements, had all the genuine salt leached out, leaving only the sediment or impurities behind. Others have suggested the background of the saying is the use of salt blocks by Arab bakers to line the floor of their ovens: Under the intense heat these blocks would eventually crystallize and undergo a change in chemical composition, finally being thrown out as unserviceable. A saying in the Talmud (b. Bekhorot 8b) attributed to R. Joshua ben Chananja (ca. a.d. 90), when asked the question “When salt loses its flavor, how can it be made salty again?” is said to have replied, “By salting it with the afterbirth of a mule.” He was then asked, “Then does the mule (being sterile) bear young?” to which he replied: “Can salt lose its flavor?” The point appears to be, both are impossible. The saying, while admittedly late, suggests that culturally the loss of flavor by salt was regarded as an impossibility. Genuine salt can never lose its flavor. In this case the saying by Jesus here may be similar to Matt 19:24, where it is likewise impossible for the camel to go through the eye of a sewing needle.

10 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic.

11 sn Only Luke states this man is a ruler (cf. the parallels in Matt 19:16-22 and Mark 10:17-22, where the questioner is described only as “someone”). He is probably a civic leader of some kind, a leader in the society.

12 sn The rich man wanted to know what he must do to inherit eternal life, but Jesus had just finished teaching that eternal life was not earned but simply received (18:17). See the similar question about inheriting eternal life in Luke 10:25.