Leviticus 4:13

For the Whole Congregation

4:13 “‘If the whole congregation of Israel strays unintentionally ¹  and the matter is not noticed by ²  the assembly, and they violate one of the Lord’s commandments, which must not be violated, ³  so they become guilty,

Leviticus 4:21

4:21 He ⁴  must bring the rest of the bull outside the camp ⁵  and burn it just as he burned the first bull – it is the sin offering of the assembly.

Leviticus 16:33

16:33 and he is to purify ⁶  the Most Holy Place, ⁷  he is to purify the Meeting Tent and the altar, ⁸  and he is to make atonement for ⁹  the priests and for all the people of the assembly.

Leviticus 23:24

23:24 “Tell the Israelites, ‘In the seventh month, on the first day of the month, you must have a complete rest, a memorial announced by loud horn blasts, ¹⁰  a holy assembly.

Leviticus 23:27

23:27 “The ¹¹  tenth day of this seventh month is the Day of Atonement. ¹²  It is to be a holy assembly for you, and you must humble yourselves ¹³  and present a gift to the Lord.

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¹ tn Heb “strays”; KJV “sin through ignorance.” The verb “strays” here is the verbal form of the noun in the expression “by straying” (see the note on Lev 4:2 above).

² tn Heb “is concealed from the eyes of”; NASB, NRSV, NLT “escapes the notice of.”

³ tn Heb “and they do one from all the commandments of the Lord which must not be done” (cf. v. 2).

⁴ sn See the note on the word “slaughter” in v. 15.

⁵ tn Heb “And he shall bring out the bull to from outside to the camp.”

⁶ tn Heb “to atone” (also later in this verse); see the note on “purifying the holy place” in 16:20.

⁷ tn Heb “the sanctuary of the holy place.” Although this is the only place this expression occurs in the OT, it clearly refers to the innermost shrine behind the veil-canopy, where the ark of the covenant was located.

⁸ tn Heb “and the tent of meeting and the alter he shall atone.” The repetition of the verb כִּפֶּר (kipper, “to atone”) at the beginning and end of the sequence appears to be strange, but the MT accents suggest that only “the Most Holy Place” goes with the verb at the beginning of the verse. Of course, the purging of “the Most Holy Place” has been the main emphasis of this chapter from the start (see vv. 2-3 and 11-17).

⁹ tn At this point in the verse the verb כִּפֶּר (kipper, “to make atonement”) takes its object with the preposition עַל (’al, “for”; literally, “upon”; contrast the first part of the verse and cf. the notes on Lev 1:4 and 16:20 above).

¹⁰ tn Heb “a memorial of loud blasts.” Although the term for “horn” does not occur here, allowing for the possibility that vocal “shouts” of acclamation are envisioned (see P. J. Budd, Leviticus [NCBC], 325), the “blast” of the shofar (a trumpet made from a ram’s “horn”) is most likely what is intended. On this occasion, the loud blasts on the horn announced the coming of the new year on the first day of the seventh month (see the explanations in J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 387, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 160).

¹¹ tn Heb “Surely the tenth day” or perhaps “Precisely the tenth day.” The Hebrew adverbial particle אַךְ (’akh) is left untranslated by most recent English versions; cf. however NASB “On exactly the tenth day.”

¹² sn See the description of this day and its regulations in Lev 16 and the notes there.

¹³ tn Heb “you shall humble your souls.” See the note on Lev 16:29 above.