Leviticus 19:3

19:3 Each of you must respect his mother and his father, ¹  and you must keep my Sabbaths. I am the Lord your God.

Leviticus 24:5

24:5 “You must take choice wheat flour ²  and bake twelve loaves; ³  there must be two tenths of an ephah of flour in ⁴  each loaf,

Leviticus 24:7-8

24:7 You must put pure frankincense ⁵  on each row, ⁶  and it will become a memorial portion ⁷  for the bread, a gift ⁸  to the Lord. 24:8 Each Sabbath day ⁹  Aaron ¹⁰  must arrange it before the Lord continually; this portion ¹¹  is from the Israelites as a perpetual covenant.

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¹ tn Heb “A man his mother and his father you [plural] shall fear.” The LXX, Syriac, Vulgate, and certain Targum mss reverse the order, “his father and his mother.” The term “fear” is subject to misunderstanding by the modern reader, so “respect” has been used in the translation. Cf. NAB, NRSV “revere”; NASB “reverence.”

² sn See the note on Lev 2:1.

³ tn Heb “and bake it twelve loaves”; KJV, NAB, NASB “cakes.”

⁴ tn The words “of flour” are supplied in the translation for clarity.

sn See the note on Lev 5:11.

⁵ tn This is not just any “incense” (קְטֹרֶת, qÿtoret; R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 3:913-16), but specifically “frankincense” (לְבֹנָה, lÿvonah; R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 2:756-57).

⁶ tn Heb “on [עַל, ’al] the row,” probably used distributively, “on each row” (J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 395-96). Perhaps the frankincense was placed “with” or “along side of” each row, not actually on the bread itself, and was actually burned as incense to the Lord (cf. NIV “Along [Alongside CEV] each row”; NRSV “with each row”; NLT “near each row”; B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 165). This particular preposition can have such a meaning.

⁷ sn The “memorial portion” (אַזְכָרָה, ’azkharah) was normally the part of the grain offering that was burnt on the altar (see Lev 2:2 and the notes there), as opposed to the remainder, which was normally consumed by the priests (Lev 2:3; see the full regulations in Lev 6:14-23 [6:7-16 HT]).

⁸ sn See the note on Lev 1:9 regarding the term “gift.”

⁹ tn Heb “In the day of the Sabbath, in the day of the Sabbath.” The repetition is distributive. A few medieval Hebrew mss, the LXX, and the Syriac delete the second occurrence of the expression.

¹⁰ tn Heb “he”; the referent (Aaron) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

¹¹ tn The word “portion” is supplied in the translation here for clarity, to specify what “this” refers to.