Leviticus 19:3-4
19:3 Each of you must respect his mother and his father, 1 and you must keep my Sabbaths. I am the Lord your God.
19:4 Do not turn to idols, 2 and you must not make for yourselves gods of cast metal. I am the Lord your God.
Leviticus 19:10
19:10 You must not pick your vineyard bare, 3 and you must not gather up the fallen grapes of your vineyard. You must leave them for the poor and the foreigner. I am the Lord your God.
Leviticus 19:34
19:34 The foreigner who resides with you must be to you like a native citizen among you; so 4 you must love him as yourself, because you were foreigners in the land of Egypt. I am the Lord your God.
1 tn Heb “A man his mother and his father you [plural] shall fear.” The LXX, Syriac, Vulgate, and certain Targum mss reverse the order, “his father and his mother.” The term “fear” is subject to misunderstanding by the modern reader, so “respect” has been used in the translation. Cf. NAB, NRSV “revere”; NASB “reverence.”
2 sn Regarding the difficult etymology and meaning of the term for “idols” (אֱלִילִים, ’elilim), see B. A. Levine, Leviticus (JPSTC), 126; J. E. Hartley, Leviticus (WBC), 304; N. H. Snaith, Leviticus and Numbers (NBC), 89; and Judith M. Hadley, NIDOTTE 1:411. It appears to be a diminutive play on words with אֵל (’el, “god; God”) and, perhaps at the same time, recalls a common Semitic word for “worthless; weak; powerless; nothingness.” Snaith suggests a rendering of “worthless godlings.”
3 tn Heb “And you shall not deal severely with your vineyard.”
4 tn Heb “and.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have resultative force here.