1 tn Heb “the hand of Midian.”
2 tn Heb “The hand of Midian was strong against Israel.”
3 tn Or possibly “secret storage places.” The Hebrew word occurs only here in the Hebrew Bible.
4 tn Heb “Whenever Israel sowed seed.”
5 tn Heb “Midian, Amalek, and the sons of the east would go up, they would go up against him.” The translation assumes that וְעָלוּ (vÿ’alu) is dittographic (note the following עָלָיו, ’alayv).
6 tn Heb “They encamped against them.”
7 tn Heb “destroyed.”
8 tn Heb “the crops of the land.”
9 tn Heb “They left no sustenance in Israel.”
10 tn The words “they took away” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
11 tn Heb “came up.”
12 tn Heb “numerous.”
13 tn Heb “To them and to their camels there was no number.”
14 tn Heb “destroy.” The translation “devour” carries through the imagery of a locust plague earlier in this verse.