9:12 Syria from the east,
and the Philistines from the west,
they gobbled up Israelite territory. 1
Despite all this, his anger does not subside,
and his hand is ready to strike again. 2
11:14 They will swoop down 3 on the Philistine hills to the west; 4
together they will loot the people of the east.
They will take over Edom and Moab, 5
and the Ammonites will be their subjects.
59:19 In the west, people respect 6 the Lord’s reputation; 7
in the east they recognize his splendor. 8
For he comes like a rushing 9 stream
driven on by wind sent from the Lord. 10
1 tn Heb “and they devoured Israel with all the mouth”; NIV “with open mouth”; NLT “With bared fangs.”
2 tn Heb “in all this his anger is not turned, and still his hand is outstretched.” One could translate in the past tense here (and in 9:17b and 21b), but the appearance of the refrain in 10:4b, where it follows a woe oracle prophesying a future judgment, suggests it is a dramatic portrait of the judge which did not change throughout this period of past judgment and will remain unchanged in the future. The English present tense is chosen to best reflect this dramatic mood. (See also 5:25b, where the refrain appears following a dramatic description of coming judgment.)
3 tn Heb “fly.” Ephraim/Judah are compared to a bird of prey.
4 tn Heb “on the shoulder of Philistia toward the sea.” This refers to the slopes of the hill country west of Judah. See HALOT 506 s.v. כָּתֵף.
5 tn Heb “Edom and Moab [will be the place of] the outstretching of their hand,” i.e., included in their area of jurisdiction (see HALOT 648 s.v. ח(וֹ)מִשְׁלֹ).
6 tc Heb “fear.” A few medieval Hebrew
7 tn Heb “and they fear from the west the name of the Lord.”
8 tn Heb “and from the rising of the sun his splendor.”
9 tn Heb “narrow”; NAB, NIV, NRSV “pent-up.”
10 tn Heb “the wind of the Lord drives it on.” The term רוּחַ (ruakh) could be translated “breath” here (see 30:28).