10:12 But when 9 the sovereign master 10 finishes judging 11 Mount Zion and Jerusalem, then I 12 will punish the king of Assyria for what he has proudly planned and for the arrogant attitude he displays. 13
11:16 There will be a highway leading out of Assyria
for the remnant of his people, 23
just as there was for Israel,
when 24 they went up from the land of Egypt.
14:25 I will break Assyria 25 in my land,
I will trample them 26 underfoot on my hills.
Their yoke will be removed from my people,
the burden will be lifted from their shoulders. 27
20:1 The Lord revealed the following message during the year in which King Sargon of Assyria sent his commanding general to Ashdod, and he fought against it and captured it. 30
31:8 Assyria will fall by a sword, but not one human-made; 34
a sword not made by humankind will destroy them. 35
They will run away from this sword 36
and their young men will be forced to do hard labor.
1 tn Heb “in that day” (so ASV, NASB); KJV “In the same day.”
2 tn Heb “the river” (so KJV); NASB “the Euphrates.” The name of the river has been supplied in the present translation for clarity.
3 tn Heb “the hair of the feet.” The translation assumes that the word “feet” is used here as a euphemism for the genitals. See BDB 920 s.v. רֶגֶל.
4 map For location see Map2-B1; Map4-D3; Map5-E2; Map6-A4; Map7-C1.
5 sn The child’s name foreshadows what will happen to Judah’s enemies; when their defeat takes place, the child will be a reminder that God predicted the event and brought it to pass. As such the child will be a reminder of God’s protective presence with his people.
6 tn The Hebrew term translated “sovereign master” here is אֲדֹנָי (’adonay).
7 tn Heb “the mighty and abundant waters of the river.” The referent of “the river” here, the Euphrates River, has been specified in the translation for clarity. As the immediately following words indicate, these waters symbolize the Assyrian king and his armies which will, as it were, inundate the land.
8 tn Heb “it will go up over all its stream beds and go over all its banks.”
9 tn The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.
10 tn The Hebrew term translated “sovereign master” here and in vv. 16, 23, 24, 33 is אֲדֹנָי (’adonay).
11 tn Heb “his work on/against.” Cf. NAB, NASB, NRSV “on”; NIV “against.”
12 tn The Lord is speaking here, as in vv. 5-6a.
13 tn Heb “I will visit [judgment] on the fruit of the greatness of the heart of the king of Assyria, and on the glory of the height of his eyes.” The proud Assyrian king is likened to a large, beautiful fruit tree.
14 tn Or “in that day” (KJV). The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.
15 tn The Hebrew term translated “sovereign master” here is אֲדֹנָי (’adonai).
16 tc The Hebrew text reads, “the sovereign master will again, a second time, his hand.” The auxiliary verb יוֹסִיף (yosif), which literally means “add,” needs a main verb to complete it. Consequently many emend שֵׁנִית (shenit, “a second time”) to an infinitive. Some propose the form שַׁנֹּת (shannot, a Piel infinitive construct from שָׁנָה, shanah) and relate it semantically to an Arabic cognate meaning “to be high.” If the Hebrew text is retained a verb must be supplied. “Second time” would allude back to the events of the Exodus (see vv. 15-16).
17 tn Or “acquire”; KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV “recover.”
18 tn Heb “the remnant of his people who remain.”
19 sn Perhaps a reference to Upper (i.e., southern) Egypt (so NIV, NLT; NCV “South Egypt”).
20 tn Or “Ethiopia” (NAB, NRSV, NLT).
21 tn Or “Babylonia” (NIV, NCV, TEV, NLT).
22 tn Or perhaps, “the islands of the sea.”
23 tn Heb “and there will be a highway for the remnant of his people who remain, from Assyria.”
24 tn Heb “in the day” (so KJV).
25 tn Heb “to break Assyria.”
26 tn Heb “him.” This is a collective singular referring to the nation, or a reference to the king of Assyria who by metonymy stands for the entire nation.
27 tn Heb “and his [i.e., Assyria’s] yoke will be removed from them [the people?], and his [Assyria’s] burden from his [the nation’s?] shoulder will be removed.” There are no antecedents in this oracle for the suffixes in the phrases “from them” and “from his shoulder.” Since the Lord’s land and hills are referred to in the preceding line and the statement seems to echo 10:27, it is likely that God’s people are the referents of the suffixes; the translation uses “my people” to indicate this.
28 tn Heb “which the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, the Lord of hosts] will bless [it], saying.” The third masculine singular suffix on the form בֵּרֲכוֹ (berakho) should probably be emended to a third feminine singular suffix בֵּרֲכָהּ (berakhah), for its antecedent would appear to be the feminine noun אֶרֶץ (’erets, “earth”) at the end of v. 24.
29 tn Or “my inheritance” (NAB, NASB, NIV).
30 tn Heb “In the year the commanding general came to Ashdod, when Sargon king of Assyria sent him, and he fought against Ashdod and captured it.”
sn This probably refers to the Assyrian campaign against Philistia in 712 or 711
31 tn Heb “lightly dressed and barefoot, and bare with respect to the buttocks, the nakedness of Egypt.”
32 tn Heb “in that day” (so KJV).
33 sn This probably refers to the coastal region of Philistia (cf. TEV).
34 tn Heb “Assyria will fall by a sword, not of a man.”
35 tn Heb “and a sword not of humankind will devour him.”
36 tn Heb “he will flee for himself from before a sword.”
37 tn Heb “Have the gods of the nations rescued, each his land, from the hand of the king of Assyria?” The rhetorical question expects the answer, “Of course not!”
38 tn Heb “by which the servants of the king of Assyria have insulted me.”