11:13 Ephraim’s jealousy will end, 1
and Judah’s hostility 2 will be eliminated.
Ephraim will no longer be jealous of Judah,
and Judah will no longer be hostile toward Ephraim.
13:11 3 I will punish the world for its evil, 4
and wicked people for their sin.
I will put an end to the pride of the insolent,
I will bring down the arrogance of tyrants. 5
16:4 Please let the Moabite fugitives live 6 among you.
Hide them 7 from the destroyer!”
Certainly 8 the one who applies pressure will cease, 9
the destroyer will come to an end,
those who trample will disappear 10 from the earth.
16:10 Joy and happiness disappear from the orchards,
and in the vineyards no one rejoices or shouts;
no one treads out juice in the wine vats 11 –
I have brought the joyful shouts to an end. 12
17:3 Fortified cities will disappear from Ephraim,
and Damascus will lose its kingdom. 13
The survivors in Syria
will end up like the splendor of the Israelites,”
says the Lord who commands armies.
23:15 At that time 14 Tyre will be forgotten for seventy years, 15 the typical life span of a king. 16 At the end of seventy years Tyre will try to attract attention again, like the prostitute in the popular song: 17
24:13 This is what will happen throughout 18 the earth,
among the nations.
It will be like when they beat an olive tree,
and just a few olives are left at the end of the harvest. 19
41:4 Who acts and carries out decrees? 20
Who 21 summons the successive generations from the beginning?
I, the Lord, am present at the very beginning,
and at the very end – I am the one. 22
1 tn Heb “turn aside”; KJV, NASB, NRSV “depart.”
2 tn Heb “hostile ones of Judah.” Elsewhere when the substantival participle of צָרָר (tsarar) takes a pronominal suffix or appears in a construct relationship, the following genitive is objective. (For a list of texts see BDB 865 s.v. III צָרַר) In this case the phrase “hostile ones of Judah” means “those who are hostile toward Judah,” i.e., Judah’s enemies. However, the parallel couplet that follows suggests that Judah’s hostility toward Ephraim is in view. In this case “hostile ones of Judah” means “hostile ones from Judah.” The translation above assumes the latter, giving the immediate context priority over general usage.
3 sn The Lord is definitely speaking (again?) at this point. See the note at v. 4.
4 tn Or “I will bring disaster on the world.” Hebrew רָעָה (ra’ah) could refer to the judgment (i.e., disaster, calamity) or to the evil that prompts it. The structure of the parallel line favors the latter interpretation.
5 tn Or perhaps, “the violent”; cf. NASB, NIV “the ruthless.”
6 tn That is, “live as resident foreigners.”
7 tn Heb “Be a hiding place for them.”
8 tn The present translation understands כִּי (ki) as asseverative, but one could take it as explanatory (“for,” KJV, NASB) or temporal (“when,” NAB, NRSV). In the latter case, v. 4b would be logically connected to v. 5.
9 tn A perfect verbal form is used here and in the next two lines for rhetorical effect; the demise of the oppressor(s) is described as if it had already occurred.
10 tc The Hebrew text has, “they will be finished, the one who tramples, from the earth.” The plural verb form תַּמּוּ, (tammu, “disappear”) could be emended to agree with the singular subject רֹמֵס (romes, “the one who tramples”) or the participle can be emended to a plural (רֹמֵסִם, romesim) to agree with the verb. The translation assumes the latter. Haplography of mem (ם) seems likely; note that the word after רֹמֵס begins with a mem.
11 tn Heb “wine in the vats the treader does not tread.”
12 sn The Lord appears to be the speaker here. See 15:9.
13 tn Heb “and kingship from Damascus”; cf. NASB “And sovereignty from Damascus.”
14 tn Or “in that day” (KJV). The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.
15 sn The number seventy is probably used in a stereotypical, nonliteral sense here to indicate a long period of time that satisfies completely the demands of God’s judgment.
16 tn Heb “like the days of a king.”
17 tn Heb “At the end of seventy years it will be for Tyre like the song of the prostitute.”
18 tn Heb “in the midst of” (so KJV, ASV, NASB).
19 sn The judgment will severely reduce the earth’s population. See v. 6.
20 tn Heb “Who acts and accomplishes?”; NASB “Who has performed and accomplished it.”
21 tn The interrogative particle is understood by ellipsis (note the preceding line).
22 tn Heb “I, the Lord, [am with] the first, and with the last ones I [am] he.”