9:1 O Israel, do not rejoice jubilantly 4 like the nations,
for you are unfaithful 5 to your God.
You love to receive a prostitute's wages 6
on all the floors where you thresh your grain.
1 tn Heb “David their king”; cf. NCV “the king from David’s family”; TEV “a descendant of David their king”; NLT “David’s descendant, their king.”
sn It is not clear whether Hosea was predicting a restoration of Davidic kingship over Israel and Judah (e.g., Jer 17:25; 22:2) or referring to the ultimate Davidic king, namely, the Messiah, who will fulfill the conditions of the Davidic covenant and inaugurate/fulfill the blessings of the Davidic covenant for Israel. The Messiah is frequently pictured as the “New David” because he would fulfill the ideals of the Davidic covenant and be everything that David and his descendants were commissioned to be (e.g., Isa 9:7[6]; 16:5; Jer 23:5-6; 30:9; 33:15-16; Ezek 34:23-24; 37:24-25).
2 tn Heb “his goodness”; NLT “his good gifts.”
3 tn Heb “in the end of the days.” Cf. NAB, NASB, NIV, NCV, NLT “in the last days.”
4 tn Heb “do not rejoice unto jubilation”; KJV “Rejoice not…for joy”; NASB “Do not rejoice…with exultation.”
5 tn Heb “you have committed adultery”; NRSV “you have played the whore.”
6 tn Heb “you love the wages of the prostitute” (NIV similar); NAB “loving a harlot’s hire.”