1:13 But to which of the angels 1 has he ever said, “Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet”? 2
2:7 You made him lower than the angels for a little while.
You crowned him with glory and honor. 3
3:10 “Therefore, I became provoked at that generation and said, ‘Their hearts are always wandering 4 and they have not known my ways.’
11:32 And what more shall I say? For time will fail me if I tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, of David and Samuel and the prophets.
1 sn The parallel phrases to which of the angels in vv. 5 and 13 show the unity of this series of quotations (vv. 5-14) in revealing the superiority of the Son over angels (v. 4).
2 sn A quotation from Ps 110:1.
3 tc Several witnesses, many of them early and important (א A C D* P Ψ 0243 0278 33 1739 1881 al lat co), have at the end of v 7, “You have given him dominion over the works of your hands.” Other
4 tn Grk “they are wandering in the heart.”
5 tn Grk “his”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
6 sn The curtain refers to the veil or drape in the temple that separated the holy place from the holy of holies.
7 tn Grk “above it”; in the translation the referent (the ark) has been specified for clarity.
8 sn The cherubim (pl.) were an order of angels mentioned repeatedly in the OT but only here in the NT. They were associated with God’s presence, glory, and holiness. Their images that sat on top of the ark of the covenant are described in Exod 25:18-20.
9 tn Or “prototypes,” “outlines,” referring to the earthly sanctuary. See Heb 8:5 above for the prior use of this term.
10 tn Grk “with these”; in the translation the referent (sacrifices) has been specified for clarity.
11 tn Grk “the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these.”
12 tn Grk “the promise,” referring to the thing God promised, not to the pledge itself.
13 tn Grk “did not perish together with.”
14 tn This describes the nation of Israel approaching God on Mt. Sinai (Exod 19). There is a clear contrast with the reference to Mount Zion in v. 22, so this could be translated “a mountain that can be touched.” But the word “mountain” does not occur here and the more vague description seems to be deliberate.
15 tn Grk “and the city”; the conjunction is omitted in translation since it seems to be functioning epexegetically – that is, explaining further what is meant by “Mount Zion.”