Genesis 7:23

7:23 So the Lord destroyed every living thing that was on the surface of the ground, including people, animals, creatures that creep along the ground, and birds of the sky. They were wiped off the earth. Only Noah and those who were with him in the ark survived.

Genesis 30:35

30:35 So that day Laban removed the male goats that were streaked or spotted, all the female goats that were speckled or spotted (all that had any white on them), and all the dark-colored lambs, and put them in the care of his sons.

Genesis 43:18

43:18 But the men were afraid when they were brought to Joseph’s house. They said, “We are being brought in because of the money that was returned in our sacks last time. He wants to capture us, make us slaves, and take 10  our donkeys!”


tn Heb “and he”; the referent (the Lord) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

tn Heb “wiped away” (cf. NRSV “blotted out”).

tn Heb “from man to animal to creeping thing and to the bird of the sky.”

tn The Hebrew verb שָׁאָר (shaar) means “to be left over; to survive” in the Niphal verb stem. It is the word used in later biblical texts for the remnant that escapes judgment. See G. F. Hasel, “Semantic Values of Derivatives of the Hebrew Root r,” AUSS 11 (1973): 152-69.

tn Heb “he”; the referent (Laban) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

tn Heb “and he gave [them] into the hand.”

tn Heb “over the matter of.”

tn Heb “in the beginning,” that is, at the end of their first visit.

tn Heb “to roll himself upon us and to cause himself to fall upon us.” The infinitives here indicate the purpose (as viewed by the brothers) for their being brought to Joseph’s house.

10 tn The word “take” has been supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.