Genesis 7:23

7:23 So the Lord ¹  destroyed ²  every living thing that was on the surface of the ground, including people, animals, creatures that creep along the ground, and birds of the sky. ³  They were wiped off the earth. Only Noah and those who were with him in the ark survived. ⁴ 

Genesis 19:8

19:8 Look, I have two daughters who have never had sexual relations with ⁵  a man. Let me bring them out to you, and you can do to them whatever you please. ⁶  Only don’t do anything to these men, for they have come under the protection ⁷  of my roof.” ⁸ 

Genesis 30:33

30:33 My integrity will testify for me ⁹  later on. ¹⁰  When you come to verify that I’ve taken only the wages we agreed on, ¹¹  if I have in my possession any goat that is not speckled or spotted or any sheep that is not dark-colored, it will be considered stolen.” ¹² 

Genesis 44:20

44:20 We said to my lord, ‘We have an aged father, and there is a young boy who was born when our father was old. ¹³  The boy’s ¹⁴  brother is dead. He is the only one of his mother’s sons left, ¹⁵  and his father loves him.’

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¹ tn Heb “and he”; the referent (the Lord) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

² tn Heb “wiped away” (cf. NRSV “blotted out”).

³ tn Heb “from man to animal to creeping thing and to the bird of the sky.”

⁴ tn The Hebrew verb שָׁאָר (sha’ar) means “to be left over; to survive” in the Niphal verb stem. It is the word used in later biblical texts for the remnant that escapes judgment. See G. F. Hasel, “Semantic Values of Derivatives of the Hebrew Root só’r,” AUSS 11 (1973): 152-69.

⁵ tn Heb “who have not known.” Here this expression is a euphemism for sexual intercourse.

⁶ tn Heb “according to what is good in your eyes.”

⁷ tn Heb “shadow.”

⁸ sn This chapter portrays Lot as a hypocrite. He is well aware of the way the men live in his city and is apparently comfortable in the midst of it. But when confronted by the angels, he finally draws the line. But he is nevertheless willing to sacrifice his daughters’ virginity to protect his guests. His opposition to the crowds leads to his rejection as a foreigner by those with whom he had chosen to live. The one who attempted to rescue his visitors ends up having to be rescued by them.

⁹ tn Heb “will answer on my behalf.”

¹⁰ tn Heb “on the following day,” or “tomorrow.”

¹¹ tn Heb “when you come concerning my wage before you.”

sn Only the wage we agreed on. Jacob would have to be considered completely honest here, for he would have no control over the kind of animals born; and there could be no disagreement over which animals were his wages.

¹² tn Heb “every one which is not speckled and spotted among the lambs and dark among the goats, stolen it is with me.”

¹³ tn Heb “and a small boy of old age,” meaning that he was born when his father was elderly.

¹⁴ tn Heb “his”; the referent (the boy just mentioned) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

¹⁵ tn Heb “he, only he, to his mother is left.”