19:1 The two angels came to Sodom in the evening while 1 Lot was sitting in the city’s gateway. 2 When Lot saw them, he got up to meet them and bowed down with his face toward the ground.
19:33 So that night they made their father drunk with wine, 3 and the older daughter 4 came and had sexual relations with her father. 5 But he was not aware that she had sexual relations with him and then got up. 6
22:13 Abraham looked up 10 and saw 11 behind him 12 a ram caught in the bushes by its horns. So he 13 went over and got the ram and offered it up as a burnt offering instead of his son.
When they got up in the morning, he said, “Let me leave now so I can return to my master.” 15
1 tn The disjunctive clause is temporal here, indicating what Lot was doing at the time of their arrival.
2 tn Heb “sitting in the gate of Sodom.” The phrase “the gate of Sodom” has been translated “the city’s gateway” for stylistic reasons.
sn The expression sitting in the city’s gateway may mean that Lot was exercising some type of judicial function (see the use of the idiom in 2 Sam 19:8; Jer 26:10; 38:7; 39:3).
3 tn Heb “drink wine.”
4 tn Heb “the firstborn.”
5 tn Heb “and the firstborn came and lied down with her father.” The expression “lied down with” here and in the following verses is a euphemism for sexual relations.
6 tn Heb “and he did not know when she lay down and when she arose.”
7 tn Heb “drink wine.”
8 tn Heb “lied down with him.”
9 tn Heb “And he did not know when she lied down and when she arose.”
10 tn Heb “lifted his eyes.”
11 tn Heb “and saw, and look.” The particle הִנֵּה (hinneh, “look”) draws attention to what Abraham saw and invites the audience to view the scene through his eyes.
12 tc The translation follows the reading of the MT; a number of Hebrew
13 tn Heb “Abraham”; the proper name has been replaced by the pronoun (“he”) in the translation for stylistic reasons.
14 tn Heb “And they ate and drank, he and the men who [were] with him and they spent the night.”
15 tn Heb “Send me away to my master.”