13:8 “‘Therefore, this is what the sovereign Lord says: Because you have spoken false words and forecast delusion, look, 1 I am against you, 2 declares the sovereign Lord.
25:15 “This is what the sovereign Lord says: ‘The Philistines 4 have exacted merciless revenge, 5 showing intense scorn 6 in their effort to destroy Judah 7 with unrelenting hostility. 8
1 tn The word h!nn@h indicates becoming aware of something and has been translated here as a verb.
2 tn Or “I challenge you.” The phrase “I am against you” may be a formula for challenging someone to combat or a duel. See D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 1:201-2, and P. Humbert, “Die Herausforderungsformel ‘h!nn#n' ?l?K>,’” ZAW 45 (1933): 101-8.
3 sn Traditionally this has been understood as a reference to the biblical Daniel, though he was still quite young when Ezekiel prophesied. One wonders if he had developed a reputation as an intercessor by this point. For this reason some prefer to see a reference to a ruler named Danel, known in Canaanite legend for his justice and wisdom. In this case all three of the individuals named would be non-Israelites, however the Ugaritic Danel is not known to have qualities of faith in the Lord that would place him in the company of the other men. See D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 1:447-50.
4 sn The Philistines inhabited the coastal plain by the Mediterranean Sea, west of Judah.
5 tn Heb “have acted with vengeance and taken vengeance with vengeance.” The repetition emphasizes the degree of vengeance which they exhibited, presumably toward Judah.
6 tn Heb “with scorn in (the) soul.”
7 tn The object is not specified in the Hebrew text, but has been clarified as “Judah” in the translation.
8 tn Heb “to destroy (with) perpetual hostility.” Joel 3:4-8 also speaks of the Philistines taking advantage of the fall of Judah.