Exodus 23:29-31

23:29 I will not drive them out before you in one year, lest the land become desolate and the wild animals ¹  multiply against you. 23:30 Little by little ²  I will drive them out before you, until you become fruitful and inherit the land. 23:31 I will set ³  your boundaries from the Red Sea to the sea of the Philistines, and from the desert to the River, ⁴  for I will deliver the inhabitants of the land into your hand, and you will drive them out before you.

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¹ tn Heb “the beast of the field.”

² tn The repetition expresses an exceptional or super-fine quality (see GKC 396 §123.e).

³ tn The form is a perfect tense with vav consecutive.

⁴ tn In the Hebrew Bible “the River” usually refers to the Euphrates (cf. NASB, NCV, NRSV, TEV, CEV, NLT). There is some thought that it refers to a river Nahr el Kebir between Lebanon and Syria. See further W. C. Kaiser, Jr., “Exodus,” EBC 2:447; and G. W. Buchanan, The Consequences of the Covenant (NovTSup), 91-100.