Exodus 16:18

16:18 When ¹  they measured with an omer, the one who gathered much had nothing left over, and the one who gathered little lacked nothing; each one had gathered what he could eat.

Exodus 18:7

18:7 Moses went out to meet his father-in-law and bowed down and kissed him; ²  they each asked about the other’s welfare, and then they went into the tent.

Exodus 25:20

25:20 The cherubim are to be spreading their wings upward, overshadowing ³  the atonement lid with their wings, and the cherubim are to face each other, ⁴  looking ⁵  toward the atonement lid.

Exodus 28:21

28:21 The stones are to be for the names of the sons of Israel, twelve, according to the number of ⁶  their names. Each name according to the twelve tribes is to be like ⁷  the engravings of a seal.

Exodus 32:29

32:29 Moses said, “You have been consecrated ⁸  today for the Lord, for each of you was against his son or against his brother, so he has given a blessing to you today.” ⁹ 

Exodus 33:10

33:10 When all the people would see the pillar of cloud standing at the entrance of the tent, all the people, each one at the entrance of his own tent, would rise and worship. ¹⁰ 

Exodus 36:3

36:3 and they received from Moses all the offerings the Israelites had brought to do ¹¹  the work for the service of the sanctuary, and they still continued to bring him a freewill offering each morning. ¹² 

Exodus 39:14

39:14 The stones were for the names of the sons of Israel, twelve, corresponding to the number of ¹³  their names. Each name corresponding to one of the twelve tribes was like the engravings of a seal.

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¹ tn The preterite with the vav (ו) consecutive is subordinated here as a temporal clause.

² sn This is more than polite oriental custom. Jethro was Moses’ benefactor, father-in-law, and a priest. He paid much respect to him. Now he could invite Jethro into his home (see B. Jacob, Exodus, 496).

³ tn The verb means “overshadowing, screening” in the sense of guarding (see 1 Kgs 8:7; 1 Chr 28:18; see also the account in Gen 3:24). The cherubim then signify two things here: by their outstretched wings they form the throne of God who sits above the ark (with the Law under his feet), and by their overshadowing and guarding they signify this as the place of atonement where people must find propitiation to commune with God. Until then they are barred from his presence. See U. Cassuto, Exodus, 330-35.

⁴ tn Heb “their faces a man to his brother.”

⁵ tn Heb “the faces of the cherubim will be” (“the cherubim” was moved to the preceding clause for smoother English).

⁶ tn For clarity the words “the number of” have been supplied.

⁷ tn The phrase translated “the engravings of a seal” is an adverbial accusative of manner here.

⁸ tn Heb “Your hand was filled.” The phrase “fill your hands” is a familiar expression having to do with commissioning and devotion to a task that is earlier used in 28:41; 29:9, 29, 33, 35. This has usually been explained as a Qal imperative. S. R. Driver explains it “Fill your hand today,” meaning, take a sacrifice to God and be installed in the priesthood (Exodus, 355). But it probably is a Piel perfect, meaning “they have filled your hands today,” or, “your hand was filled today.” This was an expression meant to say that they had been faithful to God even though it turned them against family and friends – but God would give them a blessing.

⁹ tn The text simply has “and to give on you today a blessing.” Gesenius notes that the infinitive construct seems to be attached with a vav (ו; like the infinitive absolute) as the continuation of a previous finite verb. He reads the verb “fill” as an imperative: “fill your hand today…and that to bring a blessing on you, i.e., that you may be blessed” (see GKC 351 §114.p). If the preceding verb is taken as perfect tense, however, then this would also be perfect – “he has blessed you today.”

¹⁰ tn All the main verbs in this verse are perfect tenses continuing the customary sequence (see GKC 337 §112.kk). The idea is that the people would get up (rise) when the cloud was there and then worship, meaning in part bow down. When the cloud was not there, there was access to seek God.

¹¹ tn In the Hebrew text the infinitive “to do it” comes after “sanctuary”; it makes a smoother rendering in English to move it forward, rather than reading “brought for the work.”

¹² tn Heb “in the morning, in the morning.”

¹³ tn The phrase “the number of” has been supplied.