34:19 “Every firstborn of the womb 4 belongs to me, even every firstborn 5 of your cattle that is a male, 6 whether ox or sheep.
1 tn The verb “sanctify” is the Piel imperative of קָדַשׁ (qadash). In the Qal stem it means “be holy, be set apart, be distinct,” and in this stem “sanctify, set apart.”
sn Here is the central principle of the chapter – the firstborn were sacred to God and must be “set apart” (the meaning of the verb “sanctify”) for his use.
2 tn The word פֶּטֶּר (petter) means “that which opens”; this construction literally says, “that which opens every womb,” which means “the first offspring of every womb.” Verses 12 and 15 further indicate male offspring.
3 tn Heb “to me it.” The preposition here expresses possession; the construction is simply “it [is, belongs] to me.”
4 tn Heb “everything that opens the womb.”
5 tn Here too: everything that “opens [the womb].”
6 tn The verb basically means “that drops a male.” The verb is feminine, referring to the cattle.