Deuteronomy 6:5

6:5 You must love 1  the Lord your God with your whole mind, 2  your whole being, 3  and all your strength. 4 

Deuteronomy 33:25

33:25 The bars of your gates 5  will be made of iron and bronze,

and may you have lifelong strength.

1 tn The verb אָהַב (’ahav, “to love”) in this setting communicates not so much an emotional idea as one of covenant commitment. To love the Lord is to be absolutely loyal and obedient to him in every respect, a truth Jesus himself taught (cf. John 14:15). See also the note on the word “loved” in Deut 4:37.

2 tn Heb “heart.” In OT physiology the heart (לֵב, לֵבָב; levav, lev) was considered the seat of the mind or intellect, so that one could think with one’s heart. See A. Luc, NIDOTTE 2:749-54.

3 tn Heb “soul”; “being.” Contrary to Hellenistic ideas of a soul that is discrete and separate from the body and spirit, OT anthropology equated the “soul” (נֶפֶשׁ, nefesh) with the person himself. It is therefore best in most cases to translate נֶפֶשׁ (nefesh) as “being” or the like. See H. W. Wolff, Anthropology of the Old Testament, 10-25; D. Fredericks, NIDOTTE 3:133-34.

4 sn For NT variations on the Shema see Matt 22:37-39; Mark 12:29-30; Luke 10:27.

5 tn The words “of your gates” have been supplied in the translation to clarify the referent of “bars.”