1 tn Heb “to fight against it to capture it.”
2 tn Heb “you must not destroy its trees by chopping them with an iron” (i.e., an ax).
3 tn Heb “you may eat from them.” The direct object is not expressed; the word “fruit” is supplied in the translation for clarity.
4 tn Heb “to go before you in siege.”
5 tn Heb “yielding fruit poisonous and wormwood.” The Hebrew noun לַעֲנָה (la’anah) literally means “wormwood” (so KJV, ASV, NAB, NASB), but is used figuratively for anything extremely bitter, thus here “fruit poisonous and bitter.”