Deuteronomy 1:16

1:16 I furthermore admonished your judges at that time that they ¹  should pay attention to issues among your fellow citizens ²  and judge fairly, ³  whether between one citizen and another ⁴  or a citizen and a resident foreigner. ⁵ 

Deuteronomy 5:21

5:21 You must not desire ⁶  another man’s ⁷  wife, nor should you crave his ⁸  house, his field, his male and female servants, his ox, his donkey, or anything else he owns.” ⁹ 

Deuteronomy 19:3-4

19:3 You shall build a roadway and divide into thirds the whole extent ¹⁰  of your land that the Lord your God is providing as your inheritance; anyone who kills another person should flee to the closest of these cities. 19:4 Now this is the law pertaining to one who flees there in order to live, ¹¹  if he has accidentally killed another ¹²  without hating him at the time of the accident. ¹³ 

Deuteronomy 19:15

19:15 A single witness may not testify ¹⁴  against another person for any trespass or sin that he commits. A matter may be legally established ¹⁵  only on the testimony of two or three witnesses.

Deuteronomy 22:26

22:26 You must not do anything to the young woman – she has done nothing deserving of death. This case is the same as when someone attacks another person ¹⁶  and murders him,

Deuteronomy 28:30

28:30 You will be engaged to a woman and another man will rape ¹⁷  her. You will build a house but not live in it. You will plant a vineyard but not even begin to use it.

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¹ tn Or “you.” A number of English versions treat the remainder of this verse and v. 17 as direct discourse rather than indirect discourse (cf. KJV, NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT).

² tn Heb “brothers.” The term “brothers” could, in English, be understood to refer to siblings, so “fellow citizens” has been used in the translation.

³ tn The Hebrew word צֶדֶק (tsedeq, “fairly”) carries the basic idea of conformity to a norm of expected behavior or character, one established by God himself. Fair judgment adheres strictly to that norm or standard (see D. Reimer, NIDOTTE 3:750).

⁴ tn Heb “between a man and his brother.”

⁵ tn Heb “his stranger” or “his sojourner”; NAB, NIV “an alien”; NRSV “resident alien.” The Hebrew word גֵּר (ger) commonly means “foreigner.”

⁶ tn The Hebrew verb used here (חָמַד, khamad) is different from the one translated “crave” (אָוַה, ’avah) in the next line. The former has sexual overtones (“lust” or the like; cf. Song of Sol 2:3) whereas the latter has more the idea of a desire or craving for material things.

⁷ tn Heb “your neighbor’s.” See note on the term “fellow man” in v. 19.

⁸ tn Heb “your neighbor’s.” The pronoun is used in the translation for stylistic reasons.

⁹ tn Heb “or anything that is your neighbor’s.”

¹⁰ tn Heb “border.”

¹¹ tn Heb “and this is the word pertaining to the one who kills who flees there and lives.”

¹² tn Heb “who strikes his neighbor without knowledge.”

¹³ tn Heb “yesterday and a third (day)” (likewise in v. 6). The point is that there was no animosity between the two parties at the time of the accident and therefore no motive for the killing. Cf. NAB “had previously borne no malice”; NRSV “had not been at enmity before.”

¹⁴ tn Heb “rise up” (likewise in v. 16).

¹⁵ tn Heb “may stand.”

¹⁶ tn Heb “his neighbor.”

¹⁷ tc For MT reading שָׁגַל (shagal, “ravish; violate”), the Syriac, Targum, and Vulgate presume the less violent שָׁכַב (shakhav, “lie with”). The unexpected counterpart to betrothal here favors the originality of the MT.