Deuteronomy 1:16

1:16 I furthermore admonished your judges at that time that they 1  should pay attention to issues among your fellow citizens 2  and judge fairly, 3  whether between one citizen and another 4  or a citizen and a resident foreigner. 5 

Deuteronomy 17:15

17:15 you must select without fail 6  a king whom the Lord your God chooses. From among your fellow citizens 7  you must appoint a king – you may not designate a foreigner who is not one of your fellow Israelites. 8 

Deuteronomy 23:20

23:20 You may lend with interest to a foreigner, but not to your fellow Israelite; if you keep this command the Lord your God will bless you in all you undertake in the land you are about to enter to possess.

Deuteronomy 29:22

29:22 The generation to come – your descendants who will rise up after you, as well as the foreigner who will come from distant places – will see 9  the afflictions of that land and the illnesses that the Lord has brought on it.

1 tn Or “you.” A number of English versions treat the remainder of this verse and v. 17 as direct discourse rather than indirect discourse (cf. KJV, NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT).

2 tn Heb “brothers.” The term “brothers” could, in English, be understood to refer to siblings, so “fellow citizens” has been used in the translation.

3 tn The Hebrew word צֶדֶק (tsedeq, “fairly”) carries the basic idea of conformity to a norm of expected behavior or character, one established by God himself. Fair judgment adheres strictly to that norm or standard (see D. Reimer, NIDOTTE 3:750).

4 tn Heb “between a man and his brother.”

5 tn Heb “his stranger” or “his sojourner”; NAB, NIV “an alien”; NRSV “resident alien.” The Hebrew word גֵּר (ger) commonly means “foreigner.”

6 tn The Hebrew text uses the infinitive absolute for emphasis, indicated in the translation by the words “without fail.”

7 tn Heb “your brothers,” but not referring to siblings (cf. NIV “your brother Israelites”; NLT “a fellow Israelite”). The same phrase also occurs in v. 20.

8 tn Heb “your brothers.” See the preceding note on “fellow citizens.”

9 tn Heb “will say and see.” One expects a quotation to appear, but it seems to be omitted. To avoid confusion in the translation, the verb “will say” is omitted.