32:4 As for the Rock, 31 his work is perfect,
for all his ways are just.
He is a reliable God who is never unjust,
he is fair 32 and upright.
1 tn Heb “may he bless you.”
2 tn The Hebrew participle indicates imminent future action here, though some English versions treat it as a predictive future (“will go ahead of you,” NCV; cf. also TEV, CEV).
3 tn Heb “according to all which he did for you in Egypt before your eyes.”
4 tn Heb “silver.”
5 tn Heb “and water for silver give to me so that I may drink.”
6 tn Heb “we put them under the ban” (נַחֲרֵם, nakharem). See note at 2:34.
sn The divine curse. See note on this phrase in Deut 2:34.
7 tn Heb “city of men.”
8 tn Or “pure”; or “fair”; Heb “righteous.”
9 tn The Hebrew phrase הַתּוֹרָה הַזֹּאת (hattorah hazzo’t), in this context, refers specifically to the Book of Deuteronomy. That is, it is the collection of all the חֻקִּים (khuqqim, “statutes,” 4:1) and מִשְׁפָּטִים (mishpatim, “ordinances,” 4:1) to be included in the covenant text. In a full canonical sense, of course, it pertains to the entire Pentateuch or Torah.
10 tn Heb “place before.”
11 tn Heb “so you will perish.”
12 tn Heb “listen to the voice of the
13 sn Levi has no allotment or inheritance. As the priestly tribe, Levi would have no land allotment except for forty-eight towns set apart for their use (Num 35:1-8; Josh 21:1-42). But theirs was a far greater inheritance, for the
14 tn That is, among the other Israelite tribes.
15 tn Heb “in your gates.”
16 tc The LXX adds ἐν σοί (en soi, “among you”) to make clear that the antecedent is the people and not the animals. That is, the people, whether ritually purified or not, may eat such defective animals.
17 tn Heb “he” (and throughout the verse).
18 tn Heb “brothers,” but not referring to actual siblings. Cf. NASB “their countrymen”; NRSV “the other members of the community.”
19 tn The Hebrew text uses the infinitive absolute for emphasis, which the translation seeks to reflect with “utterly.” Cf. CEV “completely wipe out.”
sn The Hebrew verb refers to placing persons or things so evil and/or impure as to be irredeemable under God’s judgment, usually to the extent of their complete destruction. See also the note on the phrase “the divine judgment” in Deut 2:34.
20 sn Hittite. The center of Hittite power was in Anatolia (central modern Turkey). In the Late Bronze Age (1550-1200
21 sn Amorite. Originally from the upper Euphrates region (Amurru), the Amorites appear to have migrated into Canaan beginning in 2200
22 sn Canaanite. These were the indigenous peoples of the land of Palestine, going back to the beginning of recorded history (ca. 3000
23 sn Perizzite. This probably refers to a subgroup of Canaanites (Gen 13:7; 34:30).
24 sn Hivite. These are usually thought to be the same as the Hurrians, a people well-known in ancient Near Eastern texts. They are likely identical to the Horites (see note on “Horites” in Deut 2:12).
25 tc The LXX adds “Girgashites” here at the end of the list in order to list the full (and usual) complement of seven (see note on “seven” in Deut 7:1).
sn Jebusite. These people inhabited the hill country, particularly in and about Jerusalem (cf. Num 13:29; Josh 15:8; 2 Sam 5:6; 24:16).
26 tn Heb “the commandments of the
27 tn Heb “and walk in his ways” (so NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT).
28 tn Heb “sons” (so NASB); KJV, ASV, NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT “children.”
29 tn Or “heart and soul” (also in vv. 6, 10).
30 tn Heb “according to all.”
31 tc The LXX reads Θεός (qeos, “God”) for the MT’s “Rock.”
sn The Hebrew term depicts God as a rocky summit where one may find safety and protection. Within a covenantal context it serves as a reminder to the people that their God has committed himself to their protection in return for their allegiance.
32 tn Or “just” (KJV, NAB, NRSV, NLT) or “righteous” (NASB).
33 tn In the Hebrew text the forms translated “you will die…and join” are imperatives, but the actions in view cannot really be commanded. The imperative is used here in a rhetorical, emphatic manner to indicate the certainty of Moses’ death on the mountain. On the rhetorical use of the imperative see IBHS 572 §34.4c.
34 tn Heb “be gathered to your people.” The same phrase occurs again later in this verse.
35 sn Mount Hor. See note on the name “Moserah” in Deut 10:6.