Daniel 8:7

8:7 I saw it approaching the ram. It went into a fit of rage against the ram 1  and struck it 2  and broke off its two horns. The ram had no ability to resist it. 3  The goat hurled the ram 4  to the ground and trampled it. No one could deliver the ram from its power. 5 

Daniel 12:1

12:1 “At that time Michael,

the great prince who watches over your people, 6 

will arise. 7 

There will be a time of distress

unlike any other from the nation’s beginning 8 

up to that time.

But at that time your own people,

all those whose names are 9  found written in the book,

will escape.

1 tn Heb “him.”

2 tn Heb “the ram.”

3 tn Heb “stand before him.”

4 tn Heb “he hurled him.” The referents of both pronouns (the male goat and the ram) have been specified in the translation for clarity.

5 sn The goat of Daniel’s vision represents Greece; the large horn represents Alexander the Great. The ram stands for Media-Persia. Alexander’s rapid conquest of the Persians involved three battles of major significance which he won against overwhelming odds: Granicus (334 B.C.), Isus (333 B.C.), and Gaugemela (331 B.C.).

6 tn Heb “stands over the sons of your people.”

7 tn Heb “will stand up.”

8 tn Or “from the beginning of a nation.”

9 tn The words “whose names are” are added in the translation for stylistic reasons and for clarification.