Daniel 7:13

7:13 I was watching in the night visions,

“And with ¹  the clouds of the sky ² 

one like a son of man ³  was approaching.

He went up to the Ancient of Days

and was escorted ⁴  before him.

Daniel 7:22

7:22 until the Ancient of Days arrived and judgment was rendered ⁵  in favor of the holy ones of the Most High. Then the time came for the holy ones to take possession of the kingdom.

Daniel 8:26-27

8:26 The vision of the evenings and mornings that was told to you is correct. ⁶  But you should seal up the vision, for it refers to a time many days from now.”

8:27 I, Daniel, was exhausted ⁷  and sick for days. Then I got up and again carried out the king’s business. But I was astonished at the vision, and there was no one to explain it.

Daniel 10:13

10:13 However, the prince of the kingdom of Persia was opposing me for twenty-one days. But ⁸  Michael, one of the leading princes, came to help me, because I was left there ⁹  with the kings of Persia.

Daniel 11:20

11:20 There will arise after him ¹⁰  one ¹¹  who will send out an exactor ¹²  of tribute to enhance the splendor of the kingdom, but after a few days he will be destroyed, ¹³  though not in anger or battle.

Daniel 12:13

12:13 But you should go your way ¹⁴  until the end. ¹⁵  You will rest and then at the end of the days you will arise to receive ¹⁶  what you have been allotted.” ¹⁷ 

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¹ tc The LXX has ἐπί (epi, “upon”) here (cf. Matt 24:30; 26:64). Theodotion has μετά (meta, “with”) here (cf. Mark 14:62; Rev 1:7).

² tn Or “the heavens.” The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heavens” or “sky” depending on the context.

³ sn This text is probably the main OT background for Jesus’ use of the term “son of man.” In both Jewish and Christian circles the reference in the book of Daniel has traditionally been understood to refer to an individual, usually in a messianic sense. Many modern scholars, however, understand the reference to have a corporate identity. In this view, the “son of man” is to be equated with the “holy ones” (vv. 18, 21, 22, 25) or the “people of the holy ones” (v. 27) and understood as a reference to the Jewish people. Others understand Daniel’s reference to be to the angel Michael.

⁴ tn Aram “they brought him near.”

⁵ tc In the LXX, Syriac, and Vulgate the verb is active, understanding “judgment” to be the object rather than the subject of the verb (i.e., “the Ancient of Days rendered judgment”). This presupposes a different vocalization of the verb ( יְהַב [yÿhav] rather than the MT יְהִב [yÿhiv]).

⁶ tn Heb “truth.”

⁷ tn The Hebrew word here is נִהְיֵיתִי (nihyetiy). Its meaning is not entirely clear. Hebrew הָיָה (hayah) normally has meanings such as “to be” or “become.” Here, however, it describes Daniel’s emotional and physical response to the enigmatic vision that he has seen. It is parallel to the following verb, which refers to illness, and seems to refer to a state of utter exhaustion due to the amazing things that Daniel has just seen. The LXX lacks the word. On the meaning of the word see further, BDB 227-28 s.v. הָיָה Niph.2; DCH 2:540 s.v. היה I Ni.3.

⁸ tn Heb “and behold.”

⁹ tc The Greek version of Theodotion reads “I left him [i.e., Michael] there,” and this is followed by a number of English translations (cf. NAB, NRSV, NLT).

¹⁰ tn Heb “on his place.”

¹¹ sn The one who will send out an exactor of tribute was Seleucus IV Philopator (ca. 187-176 B.C.).

¹² sn Perhaps this exactor of tribute was Heliodorus (cf. 2 Maccabees 3).

¹³ tn Heb “broken” or “shattered.”

¹⁴ tn The words “your way” are not in the Hebrew text, but are implied.

¹⁵ tc The LXX lacks “until the end.”

¹⁶ tn The word “receive” is added in the translation for clarification.

¹⁷ sn The deuterocanonical writings known as the Story of Susanna and Bel and the Dragon appear respectively as chapters 13 and 14 of the book of Daniel in the Greek version of this book. Although these writings are not part of the Hebrew/Aramaic text of Daniel, they were popular among certain early communities who valued traditions about the life of Daniel.