4:16 Let his mind 1 be altered from that of a human being,
and let an animal’s mind be given to him,
and let seven periods of time 2 go by for 3 him.
11:21 “Then there will arise in his place a despicable person 11 to whom the royal honor has not been rightfully conferred. He will come on the scene in a time of prosperity and will seize the kingdom through deceit.
1 tn Aram “its heart.” The metaphor of the tree begins to fade here and the reality behind the symbol (the king) begins to emerge.
2 sn The seven periods of time probably refer to seven years.
3 tn Aram “over” (also in vv. 23, 25, 32).
4 tc In the LXX, Syriac, and Vulgate the verb is active, understanding “judgment” to be the object rather than the subject of the verb (i.e., “the Ancient of Days rendered judgment”). This presupposes a different vocalization of the verb ( יְהַב [yÿhav] rather than the MT יְהִב [yÿhiv]).
5 tn Heb “on my face.”
6 tn Or “human one.”
7 tn Heb “truth.”
8 tn Heb “speaking in prayer.”
9 tn Heb “in the beginning.”
10 tn The Hebrew expression בִּיעָף מֻעָף (mu’af bi’af) is very difficult. The issue is whether the verb derives from עוּף (’uf, “to fly”) or from יָעַף (ya’af, “to be weary”). Many ancient versions and modern commentators take the first of these possibilities and understand the reference to be to the swift flight of the angel Gabriel in his coming to Daniel. The words more likely refer to the extreme weariness, not of the angel, but of Daniel. Cf. 7:28; 8:27; 10:8-9, 16-17; also NASB.
11 sn This despicable person to whom the royal honor has not been rightfully conferred is Antiochus IV Epiphanes (ca. 175-164
12 tn Heb “heart.” So also in v. 28.
13 tn Heb “speak.”
14 tn Heb “the many.”
15 tn Heb “stumble.”
16 tn Or “by burning.”
17 tn Heb “days.”