Daniel 4:16

4:16 Let his mind ¹  be altered from that of a human being,

and let an animal’s mind be given to him,

and let seven periods of time ²  go by for ³  him.

Daniel 7:10

7:10 A river of fire was streaming forth

and proceeding from his presence.

Many thousands were ministering to him;

Many tens of thousands stood ready to serve him. ⁴ 

The court convened ⁵ 

and the books were opened.

Daniel 7:14

7:14 To him was given ruling authority, honor, and sovereignty.

All peoples, nations, and language groups were serving ⁶  him.

His authority is eternal and will not pass away. ⁷ 

His kingdom will not be destroyed. ⁸ 

Daniel 11:16

11:16 The one advancing against him will do as he pleases, and no one will be able to stand before him. He will prevail in the beautiful land, and its annihilation will be within his power. ⁹ 

Daniel 11:30

11:30 The ships of Kittim ¹⁰  will come against him, leaving him disheartened. ¹¹  He will turn back and direct his indignation against the holy covenant. He will return and honor ¹²  those who forsake the holy covenant.

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¹ tn Aram “its heart.” The metaphor of the tree begins to fade here and the reality behind the symbol (the king) begins to emerge.

² sn The seven periods of time probably refer to seven years.

³ tn Aram “over” (also in vv. 23, 25, 32).

⁴ tn Aram “were standing before him.”

⁵ tn Aram “judgment sat.”

⁶ tn Some take “serving” here in the sense of “worshiping.”

⁷ tn Aram “is an eternal authority which will not pass away.”

⁸ tn Aram “is one which will not be destroyed.”

⁹ tn Heb “hand.”

¹⁰ sn The name Kittim has various designations in extra-biblical literature. It can refer to a location on the island of Cyprus, or more generally to the island itself, or it can be an inclusive term to refer to parts of the Mediterranean world that lay west of the Middle East (e.g., Rome). For ships of Kittim the Greek OT (LXX) has “Romans,” an interpretation followed by a few English versions (e.g., TEV). A number of times in the Dead Sea Scrolls the word is used in reference to the Romans. Other English versions are more generic: “[ships] of the western coastlands” (NIV, NLT); “from the west” (NCV, CEV).

¹¹ sn This is apparently a reference to the Roman forces, led by Gaius Popilius Laenas, which confronted Antiochus when he came to Egypt and demanded that he withdraw or face the wrath of Rome. Antiochus wisely withdrew from Egypt, albeit in a state of bitter frustration.

¹² tn Heb “show regard for.”