Acts 7:27

7:27 But the man who was unfairly hurting his neighbor pushed ¹  Moses ²  aside, saying, ‘Who made ³  you a ruler and judge over us?

Acts 10:42

10:42 He ⁴  commanded us to preach to the people and to warn ⁵  them ⁶  that he is the one ⁷  appointed ⁸  by God as judge ⁹  of the living and the dead.

Acts 18:15

18:15 but since it concerns points of disagreement ¹⁰  about words and names and your own law, settle ¹¹  it yourselves. I will not be ¹²  a judge of these things!”

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¹ tn Or “repudiated Moses,” “rejected Moses” (BDAG 126-27 s.v. ἀπωθέω 2).

² tn Grk “him”; the referent (Moses) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

³ tn Or “appointed.”

⁴ tn Grk “and he.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

⁵ tn The verb διαμαρτύρομαι (diamarturomai) can mean “warn,” and such a meaning is highly probable in this context where a reference to the judgment of both the living and the dead is present. The more general meaning “to testify solemnly” does not capture this nuance.

⁶ tn The word “them” is not in the Greek text, but is implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, but must be supplied for the modern English reader.

⁷ tn Grk “that this one is the one,” but this is awkward in English and has been simplified to “that he is the one.”

⁸ tn Or “designated.” BDAG 723 s.v. ὁρίζω 2.b has “the one appointed by God as judge” for this phrase.

⁹ sn Jesus has divine authority as judge over the living and the dead: Acts 17:26-31; Rom 14:9; 1 Thess 5:9-10; 1 Tim 4:1; 1 Pet 4:5.

¹⁰ tn Or “dispute.”

¹¹ tn Grk “see to it” (an idiom).

¹² tn Or “I am not willing to be.” Gallio would not adjudicate their religious dispute.