1 tn Heb “and now my father placed upon you a heavy yoke, but I will add to your yoke.”
2 tn Heb “My father punished you with whips, but I will punish you with scorpions.” “Scorpions” might allude to some type of torture using poisonous insects, but more likely it refers to a type of whip that inflicts an especially biting, painful wound. Cf. CEV “whips with pieces of sharp metal.”
3 tn Heb “and spoke to them according to.”
4 tn Heb “My father made your yoke heavy, but I will add to your yoke.”
5 tn Heb “My father punished you with whips, but I will punish you with scorpions.” See the note on the same phrase in v. 11.