1 Samuel 13:2

13:2 Saul selected for himself three thousand men from Israel. Two thousand of these were with Saul at Micmash and in the hill country of Bethel; ¹  the remaining thousand were with Jonathan at Gibeah in the territory of Benjamin. ²  He sent all the rest of the people back home. ³ 

1 Samuel 14:3

14:3 Now Ahijah was carrying ⁴  an ephod. He was the son of Ahitub, who was the brother of Ichabod and a son of Phineas, son of Eli, the priest of the Lord in Shiloh. The army was unaware that Jonathan had left.

1 Samuel 14:6

14:6 Jonathan said to his armor bearer, “Come on, let’s go over to the garrison of these uncircumcised men. Perhaps the Lord will intervene ⁵  for us. Nothing can prevent the Lord from delivering, whether by many or by a few.”

1 Samuel 19:4

19:4 So Jonathan spoke on David’s behalf ⁶  to his father Saul. He said to him, “The king should not sin against his servant David, for he has not sinned against you. On the contrary, his actions have been very beneficial ⁷  for you.

1 Samuel 20:3

20:3 Taking an oath, David again ⁸  said, “Your father is very much aware of the fact ⁹  that I have found favor with you, and he has thought, ¹⁰  ‘Don’t let Jonathan know about this, or he will be upset.’ But as surely as the Lord lives and you live, there is about one step between me and death!”

1 Samuel 20:12-13

20:12 Jonathan said to David, “The Lord God of Israel is my witness. ¹¹  I will feel out my father about this time the day after tomorrow. If he is favorably inclined toward David, will I not then send word to you and let you know? ¹²  20:13 But if my father intends to do you harm, may the Lord do all this and more to Jonathan, if I don’t let you know ¹³  and send word to you so you can go safely on your way. ¹⁴  May the Lord be with you, as he was with my father.

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¹ map For location see Map4-G4; Map5-C1; Map6-E3; Map7-D1; Map8-G3.

² tn Heb “at Gibeah of Benjamin.” The words “in the territory” are supplied in the translation for clarity.

³ tn Heb “each one to his tents.”

⁴ tn Heb “bearing.” Many English versions understand this verb to mean “wearing” (cf. KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NLT).

⁵ tn Heb “act.”

⁶ tn Heb “spoke good with respect to David.”

⁷ tn Heb “good.”

⁸ tc The LXX and the Syriac Peshitta lack the word “again.”

⁹ tn The infinitive absolute appears before the finite verb for emphasis.

¹⁰ tn Heb “said,” that is, to himself. So also in v. 25.

¹¹ tc The Hebrew text has simply “the Lord God of Israel.” On the basis of the Syriac version, many reconstruct the text to read “[is] my witness,” which may have fallen out of the text by homoioarcton (an error which is entirely possible if עֵד, ’ed, “witness,” immediately followed ַָדוִד, “David,” in the original text).

¹² tn Heb “and uncover your ear.”

¹³ tn Heb “uncover your ear.”

¹⁴ tn Heb “in peace.”